I can’t believe nobody else wanted to do the minstrel show chapter! I am so lucky.
As the past several chapter titles will attest, town life has been positively bustling. The sociable! The literaries! The whirl of gaiety! The birthday party! And now…THE MADCAP DAYS. What, you mean things are about to get even crazier in De Smet?
Oh, yes. Yes, they are.
But before we get to that, there’s the post-birthday-party spirit at school that brings the older girls and boys together—gathering around the stove, playing at snowball fights in the schoolyard, and coming in from recess “warm and glowing and full of fresh air.” (And, well, probably hormones, too.) It’s all enough to make Laura’s arithmetic grade drop down to a pathetic 93. Oh, live a little, Flutterbudget!
Cap Garland and Ben Woodward make a bobsled that’s just big enough for them and the other two boys (Arthur and who else? Elmer?) to pull Laura, Minnie, Ida, and Mary Power. Then Nellie Oleson decides to risk roughening her delicate complexion for some boy attention (perhaps she’s figured out that guys do not give a fig about alabaster skin, which is like the 1880s equivalent of a salon manicure).
But now the only way five girls can fit into the bobsled is to have them sit with their legs sticking out and their stockings showing, and it’s all fun and games until the boys decide to take the sled into town. This is not good. Shins will be seen! Laura can tell it’s about to get all “De Smet Girls Gone Wild (Or, at the Very Least, Quite Disheveled)” on Main Street, right in front of Almanzo Wilder. Thinking quickly, she tells Cap Garland to stop for Mary’s sake, and Cap turns the sled around just in time. Nellie is furious and calls the boys “ignorant Westerners,” Cap and Mary exchange smiles and have a moment, and disaster is averted. (And Almanzo will have to wait a few more years to see Laura’s knees.)
Next comes March, when the snow begins to melt and the much-ballyhooed final Literary of the winter is approaching. Laura presses and sponges her best dress in preparation, but she also wants a hat to wear. Ma buys her half a yard of beautiful brown velvet, and so on Saturdays Laura and Mary Power work their hats, and Mary’s hat is blue, and Laura’s hat is silky and soft and tawny and THEN OMG EVERYONE IS IN BLACKFACE.
Okay, maybe I skipped a few things there.
It’s just that nothing quite prepares you for page 258, otherwise known as The Uh-Oh Page, which has the Garth Williams illustration of the surprise minstrel show performance (which includes Pa!) at the final town Literary. But hey, there it is. I think there’s a tendency to forget that The Uh-Oh Page and its corresponding scene even exists, especially if you had no idea what minstrel shows were when you first read the Little House books. I’m pretty sure that as a kid I stared at The Uh-Oh Page and thought something like, “So Pa’s a… black clown?” and shrugged, because I just didn’t get it. But it’s that adult knowledge —understanding what the painted-face “darky ” represents in our culture—that really puts the uh-oh in The Uh-Oh Page.
But after that initial jolt, the book does a pretty good job of negotiating that sticky territory between the way modern readers view these blackfaced folks and how the people of De Smet would have seen them. Minstrel shows, after all, were one of the most popular forms of theatrical entertainment in the 19th century, and the book manages to convey the excitement—a big-city-style spectacle appearing suddenly in a Dakota schoolhouse!—while wisely omitting some of the particulars. “When the dancing stopped, the jokes began,” reads the narrative. Uh, do you really want to hear those jokes? Noooo, and the book doesn’t go there, either, thank goodness. At the same time, the Garth Williams illustration allows us to see what minstrel shows were all about and reminds us that the Little House books took place in American history and not some pristine and politically correct prairie.
Still, I don’t envy anyone who has to explain The Uh-Oh Page to their kid: “Sometimes people dressed as, um… ‘black clowns.’ But they don’t anymore! So don’t ever dress like that!” Parents, how do you cope?
Anyway, back to the chapter: after the show, everyone is wondering who the performers were. Laura believes the dancing darky (please, Book, stop making me have to say DARKY) was Gerald Fuller and suspects that the darky (AUGH!) playing the bones was Pa. Except that none of the (YOU KNOW WHATS) appeared to have whiskers like Pa’s. Ma and Laura and Carrie begin to mildly panic over the thought that Pa may have shaved his whiskers for the sake of a minstrel show, but when Pa comes home, with tiny smudges of greasepaint in his wrinkles, Laura figures out that he slicked down his whiskers with black grease and tucked them behind his coat collar.
Now that spring is here, the family moves back to the claim, though Laura’s come to like living in town more than she ever thought. She sort of blows off her final exams for the year—which, in her case, means she gets scores of 99 and (gasp!) 92 instead of her usual perfect grades—then resolves to stay inside all summer and study so she can get the teacher’s certificate and the job that will keep Mary in college. Good luck with that, Laura!
Comments18
I’m a parent, and I kind of glossed over the minstrel show. I’ve also never read the line “The only good Indian is a dead Indian.” So, for the minstrel show, I never said “Darky” and the kids kind of just looked at the picture. I skipped over the bones and said they played music, moving on kids, let’s go have ice cream.
My kids were young when I read this to them a few months ago (5 and 2) so they didn’t ask for much explanation (however, my older son asks me almost every day when Mary is going to get her sight back).
If you’d like to see how some other mothers handle the difficult topic of racism in the series (edit versus contextualize), you can read the comments on this post: http://www.alittlepregnant.com/alittlepregnant/2011/01/pioneer-day.html#tp (warning some rough language and swearing in the post and comments, but general thoughfulness of literary criticism).
Hmm, my parents never glossed over any of it with me, and I’ve never glossed over any of it with my girl.
The saying goes that those who forget – or “re-write,” as the case may be – history are bound to repeat it. If we don’t want to repeat these things, we better remember them and explain the whys and wherefores to our children. We also do well, I think, to teach ourselves and our children that even grownups, and society as a whole, can learn and grow and do better.
This is a wake-up chapter, further evidenced by what Wendy points out about the jokes…we tend to think it’s all clean, Victorian fun, but ’twas probably pretty bawdy.
This is also the only chapter that ever elicits any sympathy from me for Nellie…not her behavior in the sled, but wondering how she always felt getting left behind, and worse, that the boys would not leave any one else behind, but had no problem leaving her!
I don’t have a problem explaining this, or the Native American portions of Little House on the Prairie, to my kids because I’m very open with them about American history–the good, the bad, and the ugly. Their school also does a pretty good job explaining civil rights issues, so that adds to their background knowledge. We know that we can’t judge people who lived 150 years ago in the context of today’s societal norms (and of course even today many well-intentioned people do cringe-worthy things out of ignorance rather than malice). And we can examine why our societal thinking changed, and why that’s a good thing.
Wendy, your sentence about Almanzo seeing Laura’s knees had me in stitches. You are hilarious.
I tend to agree with Jenn and Tlynn, I use it as an opportunity to talk about historical fiction as a genre and why we don’t use those terms anymore. The only time I gloss over, change or skip something at school is if it is a swear word.
In essence it really isn’t any different than reading a book like The Watson’s Go To Birmingham (one of my favs btw) and using the word colored. Is it?
Laura
Ah Wendy, ever since your brilliant commentaries on “The Long Winter,” I’ve been a fan of yours and have been looking forward to your new chapter commentary. You did not disappoint, supplying more laughs than a Dave Barry one-a-day calendar. Shins indeed! Can things get any more madcap?
+100 Green Pumpkin Faux Apple Pies for you.
I’ve been a teacher of American history and I never bowdlerize these sorts of things for children. How can anyone understand the history and the immense progress made if they don’t understand how things once were?
I always showed my 8th graders this cover from HARPERS WEEKLY in 1876. The scales are seen as balanced between a southern black man and a northern Irish Catholic, both of whom are portrayed as apes, ignorant, hardly human.
http://elections.harpweek.com/1876/cartoon-1876-medium.asp?UniqueID=26&Year=1876
I also always taught my students the saying of Harry Truman: “There is nothing new in the world except the history you do not know.”
Wendy McClure’s writing is fabulous! I grinned reading it. Thank you, Wendy!
Brilliant post, Wendy! Reading this, I realise what’s weird about my response to this chapter is that as a child reading this I DIDN’T find the minstrels weird. I can just about remember a UK TV programme called The Black and White Minstrel show, which was – unbelievably – really popular – and you’ll be able to guess what it featured (although I think it was more show numbers. Not BAWDY. It was on the BBC!) So this doesn’t feel like ‘oh, goodness, those Victorians, what were they like’ but more ‘yikes, this was still going on in my very own living memory’. Which IS weird. I just said weird too many times.
Thank you for confirming that this exists — I was discussing it with a friend and describing the picture, and no one believes me. And, somehow, it doesn’t exist on Google Images.
I remember reading the book as a kid and being utterly confused, but not understanding what it was until much, much later. (And being utterly disappointed in Ma Ingalls for her blatant racism.)
What surprises me most is that there was enough awareness of Black persons in De Smet to extend the stereotypes. I mean, were Minstrel shows written up in the Pioneer Press or Godey’s Ladies Book? The only Black person I remember being mentioned in the books is the doctor that gave them medicine when they were down with fever ‘n auge, in Little House. So I really am surprised now that this even happened. Maybe Laura added it to make the days seem even more “madcap,” remembering minstrel shows she saw in the early 1900s.
But I was not surprised when I read this as a child, it really went over my head. I just thought everyone dressed up and sang and danced, never thought of the connotation.
With Walnut Grove and DeSmet being on the railroad, I don’t think they were as out of touch as the story might appear. Afterall, DeSmet did have an Opera House and skating rink.
Also, remember that everone living in DeSmet came from Someplace Else. And while many of the locals came from other small towns (like Walnut Grove) others surely came from larger towns and cities, where Minstrel shows would have been frequent forms of entertainment.
I usually don’t leave comments on years ago blog posts, but since there are more recent comments I figured I would this time.
I just finished my most recent read-through of LTOTP last night and was struck by the minstrel show. (It’s funny how different things leap out at you each you time you read something.) When I initially read this book as a 10(?) year old, the racism behind the minstrel flew over my head. As I got older, I recognized it as an uncomfortable cultural relic and, quite honestly, just skimmed over that part of the chapter in each re-reading. This most recent time, “darky” just leaped off the page at me and got me thinking about what modern audiences must think.
I think it is important to discuss it with children at a level they can understand and not gloss over it. I think it can be a very powerful lesson for kids and help them understand things.
I read LHOTP for the first time as a 7 or 8 year old and remember being horrified at Ma’s racism. It also got me thinking about WHY the Indians might have been attacking white settlers. I don’t think I developed a very sophisticated critique of American history at that age, but it definitely helped develop my critical thinking skills and it definitely gave me a new perspective on things that I carried with me throughout school.
Interestingly, recently I started thinking more about Ma and what it must have been like to live constantly fearing Indian attacks. So now I’m a little more sympathetic to her as a person, even though I still find her attitude appalling and just want to shake her as I shout “What did you expect for God’s sake!!”
Also consider Ma’s experience with people in general.
It was very limited compared to our’s and information about other people in general were rather scarce (probably stereotypic concerning different nations). Specifically information about Indians must have relied heavily on settlers’ (and soldiers’) reports that porbably weren’t necessarily objective.
Nor trying to take the Indians’ point of view into consideration.
For Ma Indians must have felt like aliens, extraordinary strange and possibly dangerous and above all, heathen. As heathen they might be ready to do anything a Christian soul wouldn’t dare.
On the contrary, I find Pa’s liberal point of view, to see Indians as normal people and sympathize with their position extraordinary tolerant for his time and his own position.
He might easily have viewed them as potential threat for his family.
This is a good point, Susan. When Ma was in school, she would have studied history books that spent lots of space on gory descriptions of massacres. And her geography book probably had a chapter on the different races, describing Indians as ‘noble but cruel and primitive’ or words to that effect. The newspapers Pa brought home, and comments from neighbors and friends would have only reinforced this.
First, Wendy, I DO so love your read-along. Hilarious! Next, I agree with comments about limited info that these people had…we need to remember the difference in information dissemination between then and now may as well have been between the Dark Ages and the Renaissance! We tend to forget how the internet, television and widespread libraries have educated the average Joe/Jane. Plus, has anyone stopped to think about how Laura herself may have been trying to show how things had changed? She wrote this book in 1941. Granted, we had a long way to go (still do), but it was quite a bit different for minorities then, from what it was in the 1920s..
Rats! Auto-correct! That last word was supposed to be 1880s!
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